• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A variable volume apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a cylinder (22) and a piston (40) sliding in the cylinder bore (24) and having a sphere shape (60) cut by two parallel planes (102, 104) on either side of its major horizontal diameter. The upper side (58) of this twice truncated sphere is solid and its underside is hollow. A short threaded stem (70) is mounted in the center of the piston (40) for rigid attachment to the connecting rod (42). The spherically contoured sidewalls of the piston (40) are thin and the contour (87) of the inner walls match the contour (60) of the outer walls. These thin side walls expand slightly and can distort slightly to maintain a tight seal between the piston (40) and the cylinder (22). A bevelled lip (62) rings the bottom of the spherical side walls and angles in towards the center of the piston (40) to provide lubricating and cooling for the piston side wall of the piston.
    公开号:SU1600639A3
    申请号:SU864028051
    申请日:1986-08-18
    公开日:1990-10-15
    发明作者:Гордон Моргадо Ральф
    申请人:РапьЛ Гордон Моргадо；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The stroke, Mamiiia contains the crankshaft Ss mounted in the. block. With the possibility of rotation around the axis, the piston 1, placed in the cylinder 3 and the connecting rod 2, one end of which is connected to the piston by means of thread 6 and the other end is connected to the crankshaft 8, the piston 1 is made in the form of a truncated Sphere with a flat continuous bottom 12, its outer surface 4 is made with a maximum diameter equal to the diameter of the cylinder 3; the piston has a semi skirt 14, open to the bottom
    cut, and is provided with radial stiffeners connecting the piston bottom, the skirt and the junction of the piston and the connecting rod 2. When the engine is running, the outer surface 4 during its movement constantly remains in contact with the inner surface of the cylinder 3, and during rocking movement of the piston contact The side surface of the piston with the wall of the cylinder 3 is not disturbed, i.e. the spherical surface of the piston performs the functions of a solid seal. 1 Cp. F.-ly, 12 Il.
    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the field of engine engineering 2, and can be used in the design of pistons and connecting rods for internal combustion engines (two). .
    The aim of the invention is to improve
    Kie efficiency.
    FIG. 1 shows the piston and the rod
    complete with cylinder, partial cut-,
    .na FIG. 2 - piston and connecting rod, communities view, in FIG. 3 the same, vertical section, in FIG. 4 — detailed diametric section of a piston; in FIG. J piston, top view; in FIG. 6 is a piston with radial ribs, seen in FIG. 7 - piston with annular stiffening ribs, bottom view; on FIG. 8 - a piston with a reinforced lower shoulder, a partial section, a bottom view of G. 9 - a piston in the upper dead (VCG) ;. nafig.10 - - - DR-
    . turning on. 90 from TDC; FIG. 1.1, too, at dead center (PC), in FIG. 12 - the same, when turning on ./ and
    from VKG.
    . Piston machine contains piston
    1 connecting rod 2, placed in cylinder 3, and with its circular cross-section.
    . the outer surface 4 of the piston 1 is in contact with the inner surface
    5 cylinder 3.
    The piston 1 is rigidly connected at one end to the connecting rod 2 by means of thread 6, and the other end to the connecting rod neck 7 of the crankshaft and rotary shaft. The connecting rod 2 is connected to the neck 7 of the crankshaft 8 by means of removable crankshaft 9 and balts 10. The weight of the piston 1 and the connecting rod 2 is balanced by the counterweight P.
    The outer surface 4 of the side wall of the piston 1 has a configuration truncated from two sides of a sphere (FIG. 1). The diameter of the sphere forming the side surface of the piston is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 3. From above the bottom 12 of the piston 1 it can be flat. From the bottom, the side surface 4 ends with a short beveled inside the piston 13. The bevel 13 is beveled at such an angle that a rigid fracture line 15 is formed between the skirt 14 and the spherical side wall of the piston 15. The skirt 14 of the piston 1 may have a spherical surface whose radius is smaller than the spherical outer surface 4 piston sidewall 1. In this case, the transition between the surfaces of the side wall and the skirt is smooth and no break line is formed.
    The piston 1 and the connecting rod 2 (FIG. 2) are interconnected by a threaded shank 16 formed at the upper end of the connecting rod 2. and the corresponding threaded bushing 17 of the piston 1, the connecting bushing 17 of the piston 1 is a cylindrical element with an opening 18, in which thread 6 is cut. At the lower end of the connecting sleeve 17, juice is made skoshenny 19. On the connecting rod 2, below its threaded shank 16, there is an annular shoulder 20, the upper surface 21 of which is angled to the axis of the connecting rod.
    When the piston 1 is mounted on the connecting rod i, the slanted juice 19 of the connecting sleeve 17 abuts against the beveled annular surface 21 of the shoulder 20, which ensures reliable fixation of the piston on the connecting rod. To facilitate the connecting rod, a blind hole 22 can be made in it. At the lower end of the connecting rod there is a round hole 23 for mounting on the crankshaft neck.
    On the inside, the side wall 2 / piston i (big Z) / is processed in such a way that the contour of the inner 1600639
    from the maximum angles of inclination of the piston head during its reciprocating motion in the cylinder.
    When the piston is located in ВМТ, the line of contact of the side wall of the piston with the surface of cylinder 3 coincides with the horizontal line 39 (the contact point of the piston and cylinder is denoted by: I I °: G: GG - -,: g; „;: e7 :, ..., ...,.,.,
    "Yjjy outer surface 4 and tfnvT t- / o
    DV HsnvwHnu g, H And contour 43 between the wall and the bottom edge
    pv outer surface oblique yubu- roifnnnu
    CI.14. Bottom 12 piston 1 for reasons of
    Strong, robust, mechanical, durable, but very tough Porsh When turning a crankshaft 8
    further on Zf .10) side contact point
    Forest i ILSTYM ON f PAIRIMygl g "
    24 pistons thicker than the side wall. On the inside, 12 pistons have a flat surface 26 that repeats (the shape of the outer surface of the bottom.
    The sphere, of which the outer surface of the side wall of the piston 1 is a part, is indicated by the dotted line 27 (Fig 4). The outer surface of the bottom 12 has a flat configuration and is indicated by a line 28 parallel to the diametral line 29. The lower edge 30 of the side wall 24 of the piston 1 coincides with the line 31 parallel to the diametral line 29. The lines 28 and 31 can be located at different distances from the diametral line 29 ..
    The axis of the connecting sleeve 17 of the piston coincides with the vertical axis 32 of the truncated sphere. The inner surface 25 of the side wall 24 is concentric with the outer surface 4. The inner fracture line 33 between the spherical and oblique portions of the side wall of the piston is located in the same plane with the outer fracture line 15. On the inner side at the bottom 12 of the piston there are vertical radial ribs 34 (Fig .6). Beginning on the connecting sleeve 17 and directed to the side wall of the piston.
    The stiffening ribs can be made in the form of concentric protrusions 35 (Fig. 7), and a thickening 36 (Fig. 8) is performed on the lower edge of the side wall 24. .
    When the piston is in position at TDC (Fig. 9), the latter intersects with three lines 37, 3-8 and 39, passing through one point 40 lying on the vertical axis 41 of the piston. The horizontal line 39 coincides with the line of maximum piston diameter. The angles of inclination of lines 37 and 38 to line 39 of the corresponding piston surfaces are located on line 37, and the oil gap 43 on one side of the piston decreases and on the other increases. When you turn the crankshaft on (Fig. 12), the reverse occurs with line 38,
    Intersecting lines 37 and 38 limit the rubbing areas of the outer
    25 surface side of the piston. Thus, the width of the spherical sidewall surface of the piston must be greater than the arc length between the ends of the intersecting lines 37 and 38,
    30 The inner flat surface 26 of the bottom 12 must be in the plane intersecting the side wall of the piston below the upper end of the arc between the intersecting lines 37 and 38, and 35 the lower edge of the skirt 14 must be in the plane intersecting the side wall of the wall above the upper end of the arc between the line mi 37 and 38,
    40
    45
    50
    55
    When the engine is running, the bottom 1 2 of the piston 1 faces the combustion chamber, and the side wall of the piston remains in contact with the inner surface of the cylinder 3 during its movement, ensuring the sealing of the combustion chamber. The lower end of the connecting rod 2, connected to the crankshaft 8, during the reciprocating movement of the piston 1 moves in a circular path and, as a result, its inclination relative to the axis of the cylinder 3 periodically changes, which causes a corresponding change in the angle of the piston, however, the contact of the side surface of the piston with the wall of the cylinder is not disturbed, although the contact point moves along the spherical side surface of the piston. Thus, the spherical side over the 1600009
    branch from the maximum tilt angles, the bottom of the piston during its reciprocating motion in the cylinder.
    When the piston is located in ВМТ, the line of contact of the side wall of the piston with the surface of cylinder 3 coincides with the horizontal line 39 (the contact point of the piston and cylinder denote: g; „;: е7:, ..... ,,.,.,
     .10) side contact point
    the piston surfaces are located on line 37, and the oil gap 43 on one side of the piston decreases, and on the other increases. When you turn the crankshaft on (Fig. 12), the reverse occurs with line 38,
    Intersecting lines 37 and 38 limit the rubbing areas of the outer
    surface of the side wall of the piston. Thus, the width of the spherical sidewall surface of the piston must be greater than the arc length between the ends of the intersecting lines 37 and 38,
    The inner flat surface 26 of the bottom 12 should be in the plane intersecting the side wall of the piston below the upper end of the arc between intersecting lines 37 and 38, and the lower edge of the skirt 14 should be in the plane intersecting the side wall of the wall above the upper end of the arc between the lines 37 and 38,
    When the engine is running, the bottom 1 2 of the piston 1 faces the combustion chamber, and the side wall of the piston remains in contact with the inner surface of the cylinder 3 during its movement, ensuring the sealing of the combustion chamber. The lower end of the connecting rod 2, connected to the crankshaft 8, during the reciprocating movement of the piston 1 moves in a circular path and, as a result, its inclination relative to the axis of the cylinder 3 periodically changes, which causes a corresponding change in the angle of the piston, however, the contact of the side surface of the piston with the wall of the cylinder is not disturbed, although the contact point moves along the spherical side surface of the piston. Thus, the spherical lateral surface of the piston performs an F, solid masseous ring,
    Due to the relatively small thickness of the side wall of the piston 1, when the piston is heated with hot gases, it can be somewhat deformed. The need to reduce the thickness of the side wall of the piston 1 is due to two reasons: the thin wall is cooled more quickly by lubricating oil and the thin wall is deformed when heated) than thick. Thus, reducing the thickness of the side wall of utility 1 reduces the changes in the diameter of the piston as a result of changes in the angle and, consequently, it maintains the working gap between the piston and the cylinder wall 3.
    To minimize friction between the side wall of the piston 3 and the surface of the cylinder 3, a thin film must be held on the surface 5 3. lubricating oil. In order to form such a film of oil, the lower edge of dabki piston 1 has a sloping caress 13, which directs the oil ejected by the coaxial: shaft shaft 8 onto the surface 5 of cylinder 3 and to the lower part of the test surface of the lateral;
    piston 1.
    Since the piston 1 is lighter than the standard cylindrical piston, the counterweight 1 on the crankshaft 8 can be made smaller and lighter than the counterweight needed to balance the standard piston 3.
    As shown in FIG. 6, the piston 1 may have radial ribs 34 on the inside, starting at the connecting sleeve 17. The ribs 34 improve the cooling of the bottom 12 of the piston. 15 increases the rigidity of bottom 12 and the bond strength between bottom 12 and with the spacer sleeve 17.
    As shown in FIG. //, the piston on the inside of its bottom 12 may have concentric ribs 35 giving the bottom some flexibility and providing improved heat transfer between the piston and the lubricating oil in the engine raster.
    As shown in FIG. 8, the piston at the lower edge of its side wall may have a thickening 36, imparting additional mechanical strength to the side wall and, consequently.

    five
    0
    five
    limiting the likelihood of significant sidewall deformation.
    The working areas of the outer surface of the side wall 24 of the piston 1 are revolved by the intersecting lines 37 and 38 shown in Fig. 8-P. The inner flat surface 26 of the bottom 12 of the piston 1 is in a plane intersecting the side wall of the arc delimited by the lines 37 and 38, and the oil guide shank 13 starts from the plane intersecting the side wall of the piston below the arc delimited by lines 37 and 38. If the chamfered 13 starts above the specified plane, the tightness of the contact between the outer surface of the oic wall surface of the piston 5 and the cylinder 3 in certain positions of the piston will narushats. If the chamfered chamfer 13 starts well below this plane, the length of the piston increases and, accordingly, the weight of the piston increases. The chamfered chamfer 13 provides an increase in the width of the gap between the side wall of the piston 1 and the surface 5 of the cylinder 3, through which lubricating oil enters the working surfaces. At maximum tilting of the piston bottom 1, the oil gap 43 between the side wall of the piston and the cylinder wall on the upstream side of the piston completely closes and, in the absence of the bevelled Chamfer 13, lubrication of the rubbing surfaces in this zone will be insufficient. The bevelled Chamfer 13 directs the lubricating oil to the surface 5 of the dilidra 3.
    Consequently, the proposed piston and connecting rod, compared with the known ones, have less weight and are characterized by lower dynamic loads, the possibility of obtaining more power for a given length of the piston stroke and for a given diameter of a cylinder, a higher density of contact between the piston and the cylinder surface, a lower cost and ease of manufacture and assembly.
    50
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. A piston machine containing a cylinder block, an eccentric crankshaft mounted in a block with
    1Z
    10 23 0 Fig.Z
    nineteen
    17
    12
    5
    2.6
    17
    7
    27
    17
    Fig.b
    Fig.8
    3739
    9
    Fia.10
    Fi8.I
    18
    FIG. 12.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    MX172539B|1993-12-17|
    CN1005586B|1989-10-25|
    JPS6248950A|1987-03-03|
    KR870002365A|1987-03-31|
    PL261073A1|1988-05-26|
    BR8604031A|1987-06-30|
    CA1274432A|1990-09-25|
    AU597586B2|1990-06-07|
    KR920004069B1|1992-05-23|
    CN86105124A|1987-02-18|
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    AU6115286A|1987-02-26|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE334850C|1919-03-06|1921-03-19|Galloways Ltd|Pistons for gas engines|
    GB529885A|1939-06-10|1940-11-29|Edward Cuthbert Lee|Pistons and cylinders for varied uses|US4765292A|1985-08-19|1988-08-23|Morgado Ralph G|Self-sealing piston apparatus|
    US5231917A|1992-09-14|1993-08-03|Devilbiss Air Power Company|Wobble piston|
    DE4301860A1|1993-01-25|1994-09-22|Stefan Dipl Phys Stock|Special piston for piston engines|
    CN100414149C|2005-01-05|2008-08-27|潘海若|Rolling piston capable of changing sliding friction to rolling friction between piston and cylinder|
    DE102005060320A1|2005-12-16|2007-06-21|Continental Aktiengesellschaft|compressor unit|
    CN102852133B|2012-09-17|2014-10-08|李理|Cylinder type driving device of rammer|
    DE102016224280A1|2016-06-02|2017-12-07|Mahle International Gmbh|Piston of an internal combustion engine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US76714085A| true| 1985-08-19|1985-08-19|
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